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Noise and Hearing Loss

Treating and Preventing Noise-Induced Hearing Loss

According to the CDC, 17% of adults between the age of 20–69 years have permanent damage to their hearing due to noise. This condition is caused by repeated exposure to damaging noise or even one sudden, loud noise—it is also preventable. In addition to diagnosing and treating all kinds of hearing problems, our audiologists educate patients about protecting themselves against noise-induced hearing loss.

How The Ear Works

The ear is divided into three major parts— the outer ear, the middle ear and the inner ear— all of which play a part in the hearing process.

  • The outer ear works like a sound funnel to capture sound and channel it down the ear canal. At the end of the ear canal, sound strikes the eardrum, causing it to vibrate.

  • The middle ear consists of three small bones and the eardrum. As they pass down this chain of bones to the inner ear (the cochlea), the vibrations amplify.

  • The inner ear is shaped like a snail shell and is filled with fluid. The movement of the fluid in turn creates movement in tiny hair cells located along the length of the cochlea. This hair cell movement is then converted into signals that travel from the hair cells up the auditory nerve to the brain. There, the brain perceives these signals as sound.

Causes of Hearing Loss

Loss of hearing occurs when the hair cells in the middle ear are damaged. This damage can happen gradually over repeated exposure to loud noises or immediately in the case of one traumatic sound over 120 decibels. Common causes of hearing loss include recreational activities such as using power tools, hunting, participating in motorsports, attending concerts and listening to loud music through headphones.

How Is Sound Measured?

We measure sound intensity in decibels. Contrary to what you might think, how loud a noise sounds to you does not always indicate its level of sound intensity. For example, something you consider particularly loud may sound very differently in a small, enclosed space rather than an outdoor space. Sound measuring around 80 to 85 decibels can be damaging to the ears after a period of consistent exposure, while sound that exceeds 120 decibels can cause instant, irreversible damage to the hearing.

Signs Of Hearing Loss

Most patients gradually notice a change in their ability to hear instead of all at once. Oftentimes, it is friends or loved ones of a patient with hearing loss who first notice a difference. Signs of hearing loss include:

  • Trouble with communication

  • An inability to detect high-pitched noises

  • Frequently asking others to repeat themselves

  • An inability to understand someone talking against background noise

Preventing Noise-Induced Hearing Loss

Luckily, this type of hearing loss is preventable. Following these guidelines can help stop or prevent further hearing loss:

  • Limit exposure to high-intensity noises as much as possible

  • Wear noise-protection devices (HPDs)

  • Listen to music and television at a safe level

OSHA Requirements For Workers

People who are exposed to repeated excessive noise at work are at increased risk for noise-induced hearing loss. At-risk workers include those who work with noise at or above 85 decibels over an 8-hour period. Fortunately, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) requires employers to enroll their employees in a hearing conservation program. The program helps prevent loss of hearing, preserve existing hearing and educate workers about the proper use of hearing protection devices.